Streptomycin, a metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, was first published as an antibiotic active against Gram positive and Gram negative organisms by Schatz, Bugle and Waksman in 1944. Streptomycin was the first aminoglycoside antibiotic and first effective treatment for tuberculosis. Streptomycin binds to the small 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome irreversibly, interfering with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit.