Emestrin
Application Notes
Emestrin is a macrocyclic mycotoxin first isolated from Emericella striata by researchers at Hoshi Unveristy, Japan in 1985. Emestrin posseses a unique epidithiodioxopiperazine ring as part of a larger heterologous macrocycle. Emestrin inhibits mitochondrial ATP synthesis via uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and depression of mitochondrial respiration. Emestrin is a potent antagonist of the chemokine CCR2 receptor, via inhibition of MCP-1 binding, specifically mediating monocyte chemotaxis.
References
- Structure and absolute configuration of emestrin, a new macrocyclic epidithiodioxopiperazine from Emericella striata. Hideyuki S. et al., J.Chem. Soc. 1985, 10, 657.
- Toxicity of emestrin, a new macrocyclic dithiodioxopiperazine mycotoxin, to mitochondrial function. Kawai K. et al., Mycotox. Res. 1989, 5, 2.
- Isolation and structures of novel fungal metabolites as chemokine receptor (CCR2) antagonists. Herath K.B. et al., J. Antibiot. 2005, 58, 686.