Osthole, a prenylated coumarin, is a major component of the plant Cnidium monnieri, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Osthole has attracted significant attention due to its diverse biological applications, demonstrating anticancer, antiinflammatory, neuroprotective and osteogenic activity in vitro. Osthole modulates cAMP and cGMP levels, regulates ion channels and inhibits 5-lipoxygenase.