The nanangenines are newly discovered drimane sesquiterpenoid metabolites from a hitherto undescribed Australian fungus, Aspergillus nanangensis. Nanangenine D is a drimane lactone bearing a C8 acyl side chain. Nanangenine D has potent activity against B. subtilis (IC50 5.7 μg/mL) and was active against tumor cell lines (mouse myeloma NS-1 cell, human prostate DU-145 and human breast adenocarcinoma MC-7; IC50 19 - 37 μg/mL) and neonatal foreskin cell line. The nanangenines did not exhibit Gram negativeantibacterial, antifungal or herbicidal activity.