Gliotoxin

Gliotoxin

$110.00 - 1 mg

$385.00 - 5 mg

All prices in Australian dollars

Code
BIA-G1260
Synonyms
Aspergillin, SN 12879, SN 12870
CAS #
67-99-2
Molecular Formula
C13H14N2O4S2
Molecular Weight
326.4
Purity
>95% by HPLC
Long Term Storage
-20°C
Solubility
Soluble in ethanol, methanol, DMF or DMSO. Poor water solubility.

Download Data Sheets

Product Data Sheet

Application Notes

Gliotoxin is a potent epithiodioxopiperazine mycotoxin produced by species of Gliocladium, Aspergillus and Penicillium. At the cellular level gliotoxin inhibits a broad range of unrelated mechanisms, including inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome and Ca2+ release from mitochondria, activation of transcription factor NF-κB in response to a variety of stimuli in T and B cells, anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibition of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase. The mode of action appears to be via covalent interaction with proteins through mixed disulphide formation. Gliotoxin inhibits a number of thiol-requiring enzymes and also displays antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity.

References

  • Gliotoxin, the antibiotic principle of Gliocladium fimbriatum. I. Production, physical and biological properties. Johnson D. et al., JACS 1943, 65, 2005.
  • The epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) class of fungal toxins: distribution, mode of action, functions and biosynthesis. Gardiner D. M. et al., Microbiology 2005, 151, 1021.
  • Gliotoxin is a dual inhibitor of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase I with antitumor activity against breast cancer in vivo. Vigushin D. M. et al., Med. Oncol. 2004, 21, 21.
  • The immunosuppressive fungal metabolite gliotoxin specifically inhibits transcription factor NF-kappaB. Pahl, H. L. et al., J.Exp. Med. 1996, 183, 1829.
  • Gliotoxin stimulates Ca2+ release from intact rat liver mitochondria. Schweizer M. & Richter C. Biochemistry 1994, 33, 13401.

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