Janthitrem A
Application Notes
Janthitrem A is a fluorescent indole-diterpenoid tremorgenic mycotoxin produced by Penicillium janthinellum-infected rye grass discovered by Gallagher and colleagues at CSIR, New Zealand in 1980. Interestingly, the structure of janthitrem A was only published in 2018, some 16 years after janthitrem B and C. Janthitrem A is related to the paspalinines, loitrems, paxillins and terpendoles. Janthitrem A induces tremors in mice and livestock, and reduces feeding in Porina moth (Wiseana cervinata) larvae.
References
- The janthitrems: fluorescent tremorgenic toxins produced by Penicillium janthinellum isolates from ryegrass pastures. Gallagher R.T. et al., Appl. Env. Microbiol. 1980, 39, 272.
- High-performance liquid chromatography of the janthitrems: fluorescent tremorgenic mycotoxins produced by Penicillium janthinellum. Lauren D.R., J. Chromatog. A. 1982, 248, 272.
- Identification and structure elucidation of janthitrems A and D from Penicillium janthinellum and determination of the tremorgenic and anti-insect activity of janthitrems A and B. Babu J.V. et al., J. Agric. Food Chem. 2018, 66, 13116.